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Herald Petrel (Pterodroma heraldica)

The Herald Petrel is a pelagic seabird of the tropical South Pacific. In Australia it breeds on Raine Island and may breed on other small Coral Sea cays, so grassy coral cays and islands are important habitat for works planning.

Conservation status

Commonwealth, EPBC Act 1999: Critically endangered.

Queensland, Nature Conservation Act 1992: Critically endangered.

Seasonal planning

An egg was observed in a Raine Island nest in June 2017, and a chick hatched there in August 2017.

Seasonal evidence: From published sources for this species.

Timing varies between sites and years.

  • Breeding: An egg was observed in a Raine Island nest in June 2017, and a chick hatched there in August 2017.

Identification: Appearance

This medium-sized petrel is 35 to 39 cm long, with an 88 to 102 cm wingspan. It occurs in dark and light colour morphs, including intermediate forms.

This medium-sized petrel is 35 to 39 cm long, with an 88 to 102 cm wingspan. It occurs in dark and light colour morphs, including intermediate forms.

Identification: Confirming identity

Confirm the identity of any suspected record with a specialist and a photograph or voucher, as required by the relevant permit.

Distribution: Known range

In Australia, Herald Petrels are known to breed on Raine Island and possibly other small Coral Sea cays, and forage in surrounding waters, mostly south of the equator. Across the Pacific, breeding sites extend east from Raine Island to islands including those in Tonga, French Polynesia and the Pitcairn Islands.

In Australia, Herald Petrels are known to breed on Raine Island and possibly other small Coral Sea cays, and forage in surrounding waters, mostly south of the equator. Across the Pacific, breeding sites extend east from Raine Island to islands including those in Tonga, French Polynesia and the Pitcairn Islands.

Distribution: National mapping

The Commonwealth species distribution model (SNES) maps where the species or its habitat is known, likely or may occur. Use it with local records and site inspection.

Habitat: Habitat

Herald Petrels spend much of their time over the ocean and come ashore to breed. Breeding habitat includes grassy coral cays and islands, as well as cliff ledges, ridges and rocky slopes.

Herald Petrels spend much of their time over the ocean and come ashore to breed. Breeding habitat includes grassy coral cays and islands, as well as cliff ledges, ridges and rocky slopes.

Foraging habitat: Diet

Not documented in the published sources used for this profile.

Not documented in the published sources used for this profile.

Breeding habitat: Breeding

Herald Petrels come ashore only to breed. In Australia, breeding is known on Raine Island and may occur on other small Coral Sea cays; a single egg was observed in a Raine Island nest in June 2017, followed by a chick in August.

Herald Petrels come ashore only to breed. In Australia, breeding is known on Raine Island and may occur on other small Coral Sea cays; a single egg was observed in a Raine Island nest in June 2017, followed by a chick in August.

Sheltering habitat: Shelter

Not documented in the published sources used for this profile.

Not documented in the published sources used for this profile.

Threats: Threats

Feral cats and rats threaten nesting birds on some islands.

Feral cats and rats threaten nesting birds on some islands.

Threats: Works risk

Works on grassy coral cays or islands could affect breeding habitat used by the species. The petrel comes ashore only to breed, and its Australian breeding sites include Raine Island and possibly other small Coral Sea cays.

Survey methodology: 1. Commonwealth guidance

Use methods consistent with the Commonwealth survey guidelines and engage a specialist with the right permits.

For EPBC Act referrals, survey effort and methods should be consistent with the survey guidelines for Australia's threatened birds, read with the Significant impact guidelines 1.1.

Survey methodology: 2. Limits

A non-detection is not proof of absence. Match survey timing to the species and season, and record effort.

Vegetation associations

Source-checked associations and automatically indexed candidates are separated below. An association does not establish site presence, preference or dependence.

No species-specific vegetation association has been indexed or source-checked in this evidence library. This is an evidence gap, not evidence of no association.

Ecosystem associations

Source-checked associations and automatically indexed candidates are separated below. An association does not establish site presence, preference or dependence.

No species-specific ecosystem association has been indexed or source-checked in this evidence library. This is an evidence gap, not evidence of no association.

Soil and substrate associations

Source-checked associations and automatically indexed candidates are separated below. An association does not establish site presence, preference or dependence.

No species-specific soil association has been indexed or source-checked in this evidence library. This is an evidence gap, not evidence of no association.

Water and wetland associations

Source-checked associations and automatically indexed candidates are separated below. An association does not establish site presence, preference or dependence.

No species-specific water association has been indexed or source-checked in this evidence library. This is an evidence gap, not evidence of no association.

Fauna records and mapped habitat: Not yet analysed

Record locations can be overlaid with mapping, but record frequency alone does not measure habitat preference. No species is excluded from desktop assessments by this analysis.

No quality-controlled record-to-map analysis has been completed for this species. The existing generalised distribution dots and indicative range polygons have not been treated as precise occurrence coordinates.

A defensible run needs dated, independently attributable records, coordinate uncertainty, duplicate and captive-record checks, layer versions and regional scope. Preference and absence require additional survey-effort and detection evidence.

Habitat limitations and contrary evidence: No supported exclusion recorded

Not recorded is not the same as cannot occur. Low suitability, resident habitat, breeding habitat and occasional movement are different conclusions.

This library has not established a vegetation, ecosystem or soil-type exclusion for this species. This does not mean all habitat is suitable; the evidence needed to justify an exclusion has not been assembled.

Habitat limitations and contrary evidence: Before using a negative association

  • Confirm the taxon, geographic region, life stage and habitat function covered by the evidence.
  • Check survey methods, season, repeated effort and detectability before interpreting non-detection.
  • Investigate credible contradictory records and microhabitats absent from broad mapping.
  • Do not convert a missing map class, low record count or failed data request into species absence.

Before disturbance: 1. Desktop and approvals

Confirm whether the project could affect the species before works begin.

Check national mapping, state records and recent surveys for the site. An action likely to have a significant impact on this nationally listed species needs EPBC Act referral, and state permits apply where it is state listed.

Before disturbance: 2. Plan to avoid

Plan in-water works, vessel movements and lighting to avoid known habitat and sensitive periods, and set observer and shutdown procedures before works start.

During disturbance: 1. Controls

Keep works inside the approved footprint and conditions.

Use spotters and exclusion zones for in-water works and vessels, and pause works if the species is seen within the zone.

During disturbance: 2. Stop and report

If the species is found unexpectedly, stop work at that spot and contact the project ecologist and the relevant agency.

After disturbance: 1. Records

Record outcomes.

Record sightings, habitat lost or retained and any injury or death, and report them under the approval conditions.

Rehabilitation: 1. Restore

Restore disturbed habitat where possible.

Remove temporary structures, restore natural flow and substrate, and monitor water quality until it returns to baseline.

Sources