Capricorn Ctenotus (Ctenotus capricorni)

Conservation status

Queensland, Nature Conservation Act 1992: Near threatened.

Breeding season

The breeding season of the Capricorn Ctenotus is poorly documented. For planning in Queensland, treat the warmer months, broadly spring to early autumn, as the period when activity, breeding and young reptiles may be higher, with local variation between sites and years.

Breeding mode: Not recorded for the Capricorn Ctenotus. As a small skink, it should be managed on the basis that eggs or sheltering young may be present in suitable ground cover during the warmer months.

Clutch or litter size: Not recorded.

Incubation: Not recorded.

Fledging or weaning: Not applicable as a recorded bird or mammal trait. The timing of hatching and independence is not recorded.

Age at maturity: Not recorded.

Breeding places: Not recorded. Check ground cover, soil cracks, fallen timber, rocks and other concealed shelter where reptiles may lay eggs or shelter young.

Breeding frequency: Not recorded.

Timing may shift between years and regions in Queensland, so site conditions, weather and recent records should guide the final survey and clearing plan.

• General surface activity: Warm conditions generally increase activity and detection of small terrestrial skinks, while cooler conditions may reduce surface activity.
• Likely breeding activity: Use spring to early autumn as a precautionary breeding window because species specific breeding months are not established.
• Eggs or dependent young in shelter: Retain the possibility of eggs or young in concealed ground shelter during and after the warmer period, even where adults are not detected.
• Highest clearing risk: Schedule clearing outside the broad warmer-month window where practicable, and use fauna spotter catcher controls whenever habitat is disturbed.

Identification: Appearance and size

The Capricorn Ctenotus is a terrestrial skink in the family Scincidae. Publicly available field information is limited, so positive identification should be made by an experienced reptile ecologist where possible.

A species description and reliable size information were not available for this profile. Treat small to medium-sized terrestrial skinks encountered during clearing as potential records until they have been checked.

Do not identify the species from colour alone. Photograph the animal, including the head, body, limbs and tail, and record the exact location.

• Use a clear scale reference in photographs where this can be done safely.
• Avoid handling unless necessary for animal welfare, identification or authorised relocation.
• Keep the animal in shade and minimise holding time.

Identification: Calls and similar species

No call, echolocation or species-specific acoustic feature is recognised for field use. The Capricorn Ctenotus should be distinguished from other Ctenotus and similar skinks using diagnostic characters checked by a suitably experienced ecologist.

• Record body pattern, scale features, head shape, limb arrangement and tail condition.
• Do not rely on a general description such as a striped or spotted skink.
• Submit photographs and locality information with any uncertain record.

Identification: Field signs

No species-specific droppings, nests, stains, odour or other field signs have been established for routine site searches. Ctenotus are terrestrial skinks, so live animals, shed skins, tracks and use of ground refuges may be more useful than searching for conspicuous structures.

• Inspect likely ground refuges only under an approved survey or handling method.
• Replace cover objects carefully and in their original position.
• Record habitat, ground cover, shelter features and any nearby disturbance.

Distribution: Australian range

The Capricorn Ctenotus is endemic to Queensland. The available profile confirms Queensland occurrence but does not define a reliable regional range for planning at individual sites.

The species is mapped in Queensland and is described as naturally occurring in Queensland. It is not listed as occurring in another Australian state or territory.

• Queensland is the only confirmed Australian state range for this profile.
• The species is not known from overseas on the information used here.
• A regional database check should be completed for every project area.

Distribution: Records and local context

The Queensland WetlandInfo profile lists 37 records and 5 specimens, with the last recorded observation dated 12 September 2001. A regional plan profile lists one record, no specimens and a last observation dated 10 February 1999.

• Absence from a local database should not be treated as proof that the species is absent.
• Check nearby records, mapped vegetation, landform and previous survey reports before clearing.
• Use a qualified ecologist to assess whether a record is credible and current.

Distribution: Site planning

The species' limited and dated records increase the value of well documented observations from construction sites. Record the location accurately and submit verified records through the appropriate Queensland biodiversity reporting pathway.

• Include the species in the project threatened fauna risk assessment.
• Map retained habitat and areas proposed for clearing separately.
• Review the work method if a Capricorn Ctenotus is found.

Habitat: Features to inspect

Detailed habitat information for the Capricorn Ctenotus is poorly documented. Until a site-specific assessment is completed, consider a range of intact or partly intact terrestrial reptile habitats and retain ground features that can provide cover.

A habitat description specific to this species is not established for routine project screening. Ecologists should inspect terrestrial areas with natural ground structure and connections to surrounding vegetation.

• Native ground cover and leaf litter.
• Rocks, logs, fallen timber and bark.
• Loose soil, surface debris and small ground cavities.
• Edges between retained vegetation and cleared areas.

Habitat: Vegetation and landform

Do not assume that one vegetation community or landform contains all suitable habitat. Assess the whole terrestrial habitat mosaic, including patches that appear disturbed but retain shelter and native ground cover.

• Inspect forest, woodland, shrubland and other native terrestrial vegetation where present.
• Consider slopes, ridges, flats and drainage margins as part of the site assessment.
• Check habitat links between remnant patches, rather than assessing isolated clearing footprints only.

Habitat: Pre-clearing checks

A targeted species survey guideline is available through Queensland's terrestrial vertebrate fauna survey guidance. A qualified ecologist should select the survey approach and effort after considering the site's habitat, season, weather, proposed disturbance and the risk of false absence.

• Complete a desktop search and field habitat assessment before finalising clearing limits.
• Brief spotter catchers on the species' conservation status and identification uncertainty.
• Retain habitat where practicable while survey and approval requirements are being resolved.

Foraging habitat: Likely foraging areas

The Capricorn Ctenotus diet and foraging ecology are not well documented. As a terrestrial skink, it should be assessed around ground cover and surface features where small invertebrate prey may occur.

Search assessments should include the ground layer, litter, open patches between vegetation and the edges of logs, rocks and other cover. These features can provide both prey habitat and escape cover for terrestrial skinks.

• Native litter and low ground vegetation.
• Open ground near retained vegetation.
• Margins of logs, rocks and bark slabs.
• Areas with a varied but undisturbed ground surface.

Foraging habitat: Diet

A species-specific diet is not established in the available profile. Small terrestrial skinks commonly take small invertebrates, but this should be treated as general group guidance rather than a confirmed diet for the Capricorn Ctenotus.

• Avoid broad-spectrum pesticide use in retained habitat unless approved and necessary.
• Limit soil disturbance and removal of litter outside the approved work area.
• Retain connected ground habitat where possible.

Foraging habitat: Survey practice

Survey effort should be designed by an experienced herpetologist and aligned with Queensland targeted survey guidance. Search methods should minimise trampling, unnecessary removal of cover and heat or desiccation stress.

• Record weather, time, search conditions and the area assessed.
• Use photographs and precise coordinates for all captures or sightings.
• Treat a lack of detections cautiously where habitat remains suitable.

Breeding habitat: Breeding places

Breeding timing, breeding habitat, clutch size and other reproductive details are poorly known for the Capricorn Ctenotus. Development planning should therefore avoid disturbing potential shelter and nesting features unless the relevant assessment and approval requirements have been met.

A species-specific nest or breeding place type has not been established for routine field use. Potential ground cavities, soil crevices, spaces beneath logs or rocks and other sheltered sites should be recorded during habitat assessment.

• Map likely breeding and shelter features before clearing.
• Do not destroy or fill a suspected breeding place without checking Queensland requirements.
• Keep retained habitat connected to nearby cover.

Breeding habitat: Timing and reproductive information

No reliable breeding months, clutch size, incubation period or age at maturity are available for this profile. Avoid setting project timing around assumed breeding seasons.

• Seek project-specific advice from a qualified reptile ecologist.
• Use staged clearing where practicable so animals can move towards retained habitat.
• Reassess the work method if an animal, eggs or a suspected breeding place is found.

Breeding habitat: Legal response

The Capricorn Ctenotus is near threatened in Queensland and is protected wildlife. Tampering with its breeding place requires a species management program, so a confirmed or suspected breeding place should trigger an immediate compliance review.

• Stop work in the immediate area if required by the approval or environmental management plan.
• Notify the project environmental representative and obtain specialist advice.
• Do not relocate animals or disturb eggs unless authorised and directed by an appropriately qualified person.

Sheltering habitat: Shelter features

Specific sheltering and roosting information is not established for this species. Ground-level cover should be treated as potentially important because terrestrial skinks use surface refuges to avoid predators, heat and disturbance.

Inspect and retain natural cover such as logs, rocks, bark, litter, dense ground vegetation, soil cracks and small cavities. These features may be used temporarily or for longer periods.

• Avoid unnecessary removal or rearrangement of cover objects.
• Keep cover shaded where it is being retained.
• Maintain links between shelter patches and surrounding vegetation.

Sheltering habitat: Clearing controls

Before machinery enters, a fauna spotter catcher should inspect the approved clearing area and apply the project's fauna management procedures. Work should proceed progressively, with animals given a safe opportunity to move to retained habitat where authorised.

• Clearly mark no-go habitat and retained ground cover.
• Use a slow, supervised clearing sequence where the risk assessment supports it.
• Check disturbed ground, debris piles and machinery exclusion areas for reptiles.

Sheltering habitat: Handling and relocation

Relocation should not be assumed to be an appropriate control. If handling is required, it should be completed only by authorised and experienced personnel under the applicable Queensland approval, permit or species management arrangements.

• Minimise handling and exposure to heat.
• Release an animal only at an approved nearby recipient site with suitable cover.
• Record the animal's condition, location, action taken and release point.

Threats: Habitat loss and fragmentation

The Capricorn Ctenotus is near threatened, and its ecology is poorly known. On development and land management sites, the main practical risks are loss of terrestrial habitat, removal of ground shelter and direct injury during clearing.

Vegetation clearing can remove foraging areas, shelter and potential breeding places. Fragmentation can isolate small habitat patches and reduce safe movement between them.

• Avoid clearing beyond the approved footprint.
• Retain connected native vegetation and ground cover where practicable.
• Use existing disturbed areas for access, compounds and stockpiles.

Threats: Ground disturbance

Grading, excavation, trenching, soil stripping and removal of logs, rocks or litter can destroy refuges and injure animals directly. Stockpiles and waste materials can also cover or alter remaining habitat.

• Inspect work areas before disturbance.
• Keep spoil, equipment and materials out of retained habitat.
• Restore ground structure after works where required by the management plan.

Threats: Fire, weeds and land management

Inappropriate fire regimes, intensive grazing, weed invasion and repeated disturbance can simplify ground cover and reduce shelter. Manage these pressures with advice suited to the local vegetation community.

• Protect native litter and low vegetation during maintenance.
• Control weeds without unnecessary chemical impacts in retained habitat.
• Plan fire and slashing activities around habitat retention objectives.

Threats: Compliance and incident response

Because the species is protected wildlife in Queensland, a sighting during clearing should be treated as an environmental incident until the project ecologist confirms the response. Work methods may need to change if animals or a suspected breeding place are found.

• Stop or isolate the immediate work area where required by project controls.
• Photograph and record the animal, habitat and activity underway.
• Escalate the record to the environmental representative and check whether a species management program or other approval is required.

Survey methodology: 1. Desktop assessment

The Capricorn Ctenotus is a Queensland endemic skink with limited published information on habitat, breeding places and detection. Use a risk based reptile survey, and obtain the current Queensland targeted species survey guideline before setting the final survey design.

Map all records, remnant vegetation, cleared areas, tracks, stockpiles, rock piles, fallen timber and other ground features that may provide shelter. Treat areas near known records as higher risk, even where the species has not been recorded recently.

Check the Queensland targeted species survey guideline for the current survey approach and effort requirements. Engage a suitably experienced reptile ecologist where the project may disturb potential habitat.

• Review recent fauna records and aerial imagery before finalising the clearing boundary.
• Inspect proposed access tracks, laydown areas, easements and temporary work areas, not just the permanent footprint.
• Identify works that could disturb an animal, shelter site or breeding place.
• Confirm whether the project needs Queensland approvals, a species management program, or an EPBC Act referral.

Survey methodology: 2. Field detection

Use active searches by experienced herpetologists in suitable ground habitat. Search beneath and beside loose ground cover, fallen timber, rocks, debris and other shelter features, without destroying the habitat.

Use a combination of visual searching and carefully managed lifting of cover. Reptiles are more likely to be detected when they are active, so avoid relying on surveys during cold, wet or otherwise unsuitable conditions.

• Survey during warm, settled conditions, with the timing selected for local weather and site safety.
• Search slowly through all potential shelter and basking areas within the disturbance footprint and any proposed access areas.
• Use appropriate temporary cover objects only where they will not create a new impact, and inspect them consistently if they are deployed.
• Repeat surveys when the first visit was affected by cold, rain, strong wind, poor visibility or limited access.
• Use the current Queensland guideline to set the number and timing of visits. Increase effort where habitat quality, records or construction risk are high.

Survey methodology: 3. Survey records

Record enough information to support a clear clearing decision and later compliance reporting. Record negative results as well as detections, because absence on a single visit does not demonstrate that the species is absent.

• Record the date, start and finish time, observers, weather, recent rainfall, survey conditions and methods used.
• Map each observation with coordinates and record the animal's microhabitat, such as ground cover, rock, log, debris or open ground.
• Record the number of animals, photographs where practical, identification confidence and any signs of injury or breeding activity.
• Map the searched area, inaccessible areas, search effort and any habitat left unsearched.
• Report records through the project environmental system and relevant Queensland biodiversity record channels where required.

Survey methodology: 4. Identification and handling readiness

Make sure the survey team can distinguish the Capricorn Ctenotus from similar small skinks before work starts. The species profile is limited, so uncertain animals should be treated as potentially significant until identified by a suitably qualified person.

• Carry appropriate reptile handling equipment, clean containers, gloves, headlamps and field identification references.
• Do not handle an animal solely to obtain a photograph if a safe observation is sufficient.
• Keep any required wildlife authority, permit details and fauna spotter catcher contact information with the field team.
• Record the location of every animal found during surveys, including animals that move outside the proposed clearing area.

Before habitat disturbance: 1. Avoidance and approvals

Plan the work to avoid Capricorn Ctenotus habitat wherever practicable. The species is listed as near threatened in Queensland, so clearing decisions should be conservative where records or suitable ground shelter are present.

Retain areas with suitable ground cover, fallen timber, rocks and connected native vegetation wherever the design allows. Keep the disturbance footprint as narrow as practicable and clearly mark the approved limits before machinery arrives.

• Confirm the Queensland Nature Conservation Act 1992 requirements before disturbing habitat or handling wildlife.
• Obtain a Queensland species management program where the activity may tamper with a breeding place, as required for this protected near threatened animal.
• Obtain all relevant Queensland wildlife, survey, handling and relocation authorities before work begins.
• Consider an EPBC Act referral if the action may have a significant impact on a matter of national environmental significance. No EPBC listing is identified for this species in the current profile.
• Do not begin clearing until approval conditions, fauna procedures and stop work arrangements are understood by the project manager.

Before habitat disturbance: 2. Pre clearance survey and site marking

Complete a pre clearance survey close enough to the start of works to reflect current site conditions. Use the approved survey method and revisit areas where cover has shifted, stockpiles have been moved or new animals are found.

• Search the full clearing footprint, construction access, compound, spoil and laydown areas.
• Mark retained habitat, exclusion areas, animal locations and any suspected breeding place on plans and on the ground.
• Install durable exclusion fencing where required by the approval or fauna management plan.
• Keep machinery, vehicles, materials and spoil outside marked habitat and exclusion areas.
• Brief the fauna spotter catcher on the survey findings, map, work sequence and escalation contacts.

Before habitat disturbance: 3. Timing and work planning

There is no reliable species specific breeding or movement calendar in the available profile. Do not assume that a particular month is a safe period. Use local survey results, current weather and advice from a qualified reptile ecologist to set the work window.

• Avoid clearing during cold, wet or unsafe conditions when detection and capture are less reliable.
• Stage works so that high risk habitat is cleared only when the fauna team and suitable holding equipment are available.
• Schedule a repeat pre clearance inspection if works are delayed or site conditions change materially.
• Maintain escape routes towards retained habitat where this is consistent with the approved clearing method.
• Stop and reassess if breeding behaviour, eggs, juveniles or a suspected breeding place is found.

Before habitat disturbance: 4. Induction and fauna controls

Every person entering the work area should understand that the Capricorn Ctenotus is a protected near threatened animal. The fauna spotter catcher must have clear authority to stop work without waiting for further approval.

• Include identification, likely shelter locations, exclusion zones, speed limits, machinery routes and reporting requirements in the site induction.
• Tell operators to stop immediately when directed by the fauna spotter catcher.
• Prohibit unauthorised handling, chasing, collecting or keeping of reptiles.
• Keep cats, dogs and other domestic animals out of the clearing area.
• Check that first aid, wildlife transport equipment and an injured animal contact pathway are ready before clearing.

During habitat disturbance: 1. Sequential clearing

Clear in a controlled sequence, with a fauna spotter catcher present for all high risk activities. Stop work whenever an animal, suspected breeding place or unexpected habitat feature requires assessment.

Use a staged approach that gives animals an opportunity to move into retained habitat before ground disturbance. The exact sequence should follow the approval and site fauna management plan.

• Clear from the least disturbed edge towards retained habitat where that direction is safe and suitable.
• Remove non habitat vegetation before disturbing logs, rocks, debris, soil or other shelter features.
• Inspect each section immediately before machinery enters it.
• Keep the cleared area and retained habitat visibly separated.
• Do not push, bury or burn potential shelter material before it has been checked.

During habitat disturbance: 2. Stop work and animal handling

The fauna spotter catcher should stop work whenever a Capricorn Ctenotus is found or suspected. Only people authorised under the relevant Queensland arrangements should capture, handle, identify or relocate wildlife.

• Stop machinery and secure the immediate area.
• Allow the animal to move away naturally when it can do so safely and the approved procedure allows this.
• If capture is needed, use clean equipment and minimise handling, heat exposure and holding time.
• Place the animal in a secure, ventilated container suitable for a small skink, away from direct sun and machinery vibration.
• Release or relocate the animal only under the approved method and at an appropriate nearby location.

During habitat disturbance: 3. Breeding places and other significant findings

No species specific colony or roost information is known for this skink. If an active breeding place, eggs, juveniles, a group of animals, or a repeatedly used shelter is found, treat it as significant and obtain advice before continuing.

• Stop work around the finding and establish a temporary exclusion area that prevents access and vibration.
• Do not move eggs, juveniles, shelter material or an active breeding place unless specifically authorised.
• Photograph and map the finding without causing further disturbance.
• Contact the environmental manager and the relevant Queensland authority or wildlife adviser as required by the approval.
• Resume work only after the finding has been assessed and the exclusion, timing or management controls have been documented.

During habitat disturbance: 4. Injured animals and incident records

Treat injured animals as wildlife incidents. Keep the animal quiet, shaded and secure, and arrange qualified veterinary or wildlife rehabilitation advice without delay.

• Do not give food or water unless directed by a qualified wildlife carer or veterinarian.
• Record the injury, location, likely cause, time found, initial condition, handler and destination.
• Report any death, unauthorised handling, escape, vehicle strike or breach of an exclusion area under the project incident process.
• Record all captures, releases, relocations, refusals to move, breeding place findings and stop work events.
• Notify the relevant authority where an approval condition or permit requires notification.

After habitat disturbance: 1. Post clearance checks

Complete a formal check after each clearing stage and before the site is handed back to construction. Use the results to improve the next work stage and to confirm that approval conditions were followed.

Inspect the cleared area, retained edges, stockpiles and exclusion fencing after machinery has left. Look for overlooked animals, damaged shelter, trapped fauna and new gaps in controls.

• Search around remaining logs, rocks, debris, drains, trenches, pits and material storage areas.
• Check that no animals are trapped in excavations, pipes, containers or temporary fencing.
• Close or cover trenches and other fauna traps when they are not being actively worked on.
• Remove temporary hazards once they are no longer needed, unless they form part of an approved survey or management measure.
• Record the inspection date, personnel, areas checked, findings and corrective actions.

After habitat disturbance: 2. Relocated animals

Track relocated animals in the project fauna register. Relocation is not a substitute for habitat avoidance, and any release must follow the approved method and authority.

• Record the capture point, release point, date, time, habitat condition and animal condition.
• Check the release site for suitable shelter, connected habitat, low immediate disturbance and safe access before release.
• Do not release animals into isolated unsuitable areas, active work zones or locations that could increase road or predator risk.
• Do not repeatedly recapture or move the same animal unless directed by the approved fauna procedure.
• Report post release mortality or repeated return to the work area to the environmental manager.

After habitat disturbance: 3. Reporting and compliance

Prepare a clear fauna report for each clearing stage. Keep maps, photographs, permits, approvals and field sheets together so the project can demonstrate what was done.

• Summarise survey effort, weather, results, animals handled, breeding place findings, injuries, deaths and relocations.
• Compare the completed disturbance area with the approved footprint.
• Submit notifications and reports required by the Queensland approval, species management program or wildlife authority.
• Enter verified records into the project biodiversity database and relevant government record system where required.
• Retain records for the period specified by the approval and environmental management system.

After habitat disturbance: 4. Review and corrective action

Review every detection, near miss and incident before the next clearing stage. The limited ecological knowledge for this species makes project learning especially useful.

• Ask whether the survey conditions, search method and clearing sequence were adequate.
• Increase supervision or survey effort where animals were found in unexpected locations.
• Repair fencing, revise machinery routes and update the induction after any control failure.
• Escalate repeated records or suspected breeding activity to a reptile ecologist and the relevant authority.
• Update the site fauna management plan before changing the approved work method.

Rehabilitation actions: 1. Restore habitat structure

Rehabilitation should restore connected native ground habitat and the shelter features used by small terrestrial reptiles. Design the rehabilitation around local Capricorn Ctenotus records and retained habitat, because species specific requirements are poorly known.

Reinstate native ground cover, leaf litter, fallen timber, rocks and other locally appropriate shelter features. Avoid creating dense piles that could trap animals or obstruct required fire and maintenance access.

• Use locally appropriate native species and soil from the site where practicable and lawful.
• Reconnect rehabilitated areas with retained native vegetation.
• Replace disturbed logs, rocks and coarse woody material only where the approved rehabilitation design supports this.
• Shape batters, drains and edges to reduce steep traps and provide safe movement routes.
• Protect newly rehabilitated areas from vehicles, stock, repeated slashing and unnecessary soil disturbance.

Rehabilitation actions: 2. Breeding and shelter structures

No species specific nest, burrow, colony or artificial structure requirement is established for the Capricorn Ctenotus. Do not install nest boxes, bat boxes, artificial nest sites or roost structures as a default measure for this terrestrial skink.

• Prioritise natural ground shelter and habitat connectivity over constructed boxes or roost structures.
• Use artificial shelter or breeding structures only where a qualified reptile ecologist confirms that the design suits the species and local conditions.
• Obtain approval before installing, moving or modifying any structure that could affect a breeding place.
• Inspect approved artificial structures for heat, flooding, predators, entrapment and maintenance risks.
• Remove or modify a structure if monitoring shows that it creates a hazard or is not functioning as intended.

Rehabilitation actions: 3. Weeds, water and lighting

Manage rehabilitation so that it remains suitable for a small ground dwelling skink. Keep the ground layer diverse and avoid changes that create prolonged waterlogging, excessive bare ground or heavy artificial light.

• Control weeds using methods that minimise harm to reptiles and their shelter.
• Avoid broad scale chemical treatment near occupied shelter, drainage lines or retained habitat unless approved controls are in place.
• Design drainage to prevent erosion, pooling and animal entrapment.
• Keep artificial lighting away from retained and rehabilitated ground habitat where practicable.
• Use shielded, low spill lighting and switch it off when it is not required for safety or operations.

Rehabilitation actions: 4. Long term monitoring

Monitor rehabilitation for establishment, shelter condition, weed invasion, erosion and fauna use. Set the duration and frequency through the approval, species management program or rehabilitation plan.

• Use the same mapped transects, search areas and recording methods where repeat comparison is required.
• Survey under suitable conditions and record weather, effort, habitat condition and all reptile observations.
• Check whether retained habitat remains connected and whether construction has introduced new barriers or hazards.
• Repair failed fencing, drainage, revegetation and shelter features promptly.
• Review monitoring results with the land manager and reptile ecologist, and adapt rehabilitation where the site is not recovering as intended.

Rehabilitation actions: 5. Handover

Do not close the fauna management action until rehabilitation and monitoring responsibilities are clear. Transfer the maps, records and approval conditions to the land manager or future maintenance contractor.

• Mark retained habitat, rehabilitation areas, exclusion zones and known records on the final site plans.
• Provide maintenance crews with instructions for weeds, slashing, lighting, drainage and ground disturbance.
• Include the Capricorn Ctenotus in future clearing and maintenance risk assessments.
• Record unresolved risks, monitoring commitments and reporting dates in the environmental management system.
• Review the plan before any later expansion, resurfacing, trenching or vegetation removal.

Sources

• Reptiles of Queensland - WetlandInfo, Queensland Government WetlandInfo: https://wetlandinfo.detsi.qld.gov.au/wetlands/facts-maps/wildlife/?AreaID=queensland&Kingdom=animals&Class=reptiles
• Reptiles of Mackay, Isaac and Whitsunday Regional Plan, Queensland Government WetlandInfo: https://wetlandinfo.detsi.qld.gov.au/wetlands/facts-maps/wildlife/?AreaID=regional-plan-mackay-isaac-and-whitsunday&Kingdom=animals&Class=reptiles
• Terrestrial vertebrate fauna survey guidelines - qld.gov.au, Queensland Government: https://www.qld.gov.au/environment/plants-animals/biodiversity/assessing/vertebrate-survey
• Terrestrial vertebrate fauna survey guidelines, Queensland Government: https://www.qld.gov.au/environment/plants-animals/biodiversity/vertebrate-survey
• Occurrence records for the distribution map, Atlas of Living Australia: https://biocache.ala.org.au/